What is a theme in literature?

A theme in literature is defined as the underlying message or central idea that the author intends to communicate through the narrative. It encapsulates the deeper meanings and insights that resonate throughout the story, often reflecting universal truths about the human experience, society, or moral lessons. Themes can be explicit or implicit and may explore a variety of topics, such as love, conflict, identity, or morality. Understanding the theme helps readers connect with the text on a more profound level and encourages critical thinking about the content and its relevance to their own lives or societal issues.

Other elements, such as a character's perspective, the plot, or the historical context of the setting, contribute to the overall understanding of a story but do not define the theme itself. The character’s perspective provides insight into their motivations and thoughts, while the plot outlines the sequence of events. The historical context of the setting establishes the backdrop against which the narrative unfolds, adding depth and nuance but not serving as the central message conveyed through the work.