Which of the following is an example of a linear load?

A linear load is characterized by its constant resistive elements, leading to a linear relationship between the voltage and the current. When the voltage is applied to a linear load, like an incandescent lamp, the current increases proportionally, following Ohm's Law (V = IR), where V is voltage, I is current, and R is resistance.

In the case of an incandescent lamp, it consists of a filament that heats up and generates light when electricity passes through it. This lamp operates with constant resistance, meaning that the current drawn by the lamp will change linearly with changes in voltage, making it a clear example of a linear load.

Other devices like computers, copy machines, and electric motor drives tend to have more complex mechanisms. For instance, computers and copy machines often include power supplies that convert AC to DC and may have circuits that lead to non-linear loads, causing the current draw to vary in a non-linear manner as the voltage changes. Similarly, electric motor drives can create inductive loads, where the relationship between voltage and current is variable and non-linear due to the inductance of the motor coils.